William palliser



@cited ,t-atea @tutti @imita l `ot' met-al wedges applied thereto.

WILLIAM PALLISER, 0F THE ARMY AND NAVY CLUB, FALL-MALL, ENG- LAND,ASSIGNOR T0 JOSEPH VALENTINE'SMEDLEY.

Letters Patent No, 99,5-87, dated February 8, 1870.

IIMPROVEMENT IN RAILWAY-RAIL FASTENING.

l The Schedule referred to `in thse Letters Patent and making part ofthe same;

To all whom it may concern Be it knpwn that I, WILLIAM FALL-Issa, of theArmy and Navy club, Pall-Mall, in the county of Middlesex, England, haveinvented an Improved Fastening for the Permanent Way of' Railways,partlyapplicable to other pnrposes; and I do hereby decla-re that thefollowing is a full and exact description of the. said invention,reference being `'had to the accompanying sheet of drawings, and to thefigures and letters marked thereon; thatis to say- My invention consistsof an improved'construct-ion of and mode of securing metallic keysorwedges -for fixing iails in chairs, wherein such wedges are forcedin .bythe application of a screw-bolt, of peculiar corn` struction, whicheectually prevents `the wedges from working loose by the jarringorvibrating actionfoccasioned by the passing cfa tiain,

Ou the accompanying drawings are shown the v'arions arrangements Iemploy for carrying Ymy invention into practice.

Figure l shows a sectional pian, and l Figure 2 shows a side ele ationof a railway-chair, A, and ruil B, with one of my improvedarrangements CC are two folding wedges,- ot' which C is pre;

.vented from altering its position relative to the c hair,

by I neans of two .projecting fillets or-tianges c c, as shown.

Each wedge has a groove along its meeting-sur-v face, which grooves`together fonti a hole, c', through which the screw-bo1t 1)-is passed,the hole being so arranged. that the head d of the bolt bears againstthe broad end of the wedge C', while the nut d b ears against theopposite end of the wedge C.

, From. this arrangement it will be seen, that by screwing up the nut d1ot' the bolt, after the wedges have been put in position,'ythe wedge C'will he drawn in, and will he causedto.hold the rail firmly in thechair, while any loosening ofthe wedges through vi' brations, isprevented by the screw-boit.

Figures' 3 to 6 show my improved constrnctionof the holt which VI preferto employ,,in order the more 'securely to hold the wedges.`

For this purpose, the nut d (shown in section at tig.

3, and in front view, at tig.l 4,),is formed with a conical or taperingrecess at its .front end`, into which itsa4 tapering or wedge-nut, d,(shown in section at tig. 3,

and in detached side and front views at iigs. 5 and 6,) which is spliteither` wholly or only at the tapering part. 'iat x. i

The incline or taper of the recess and wedge-nut is such, that when thenut d1 has been screwed uptight, 'und the nut dA is then screwed intothe recess, a jamming or wedgiug-action will takev place, whecahy the*Hum nut d (on account of its being split) is pressed forcibly againstthe screwbolt D, so as to firmly-nip the same, while the uut fl, bybeing jammed or wedged upon the nut d2, will prevent the latter fromreleasing its nipping hold on the bolt, even when, by any jarring orvibrating action, the pressure exerted hy the nut d1 againt the wedgeorA key, held thereby, is, for certain short intervals of time, entirelyor partially removed,and thus the 'unscrewing .of the nut, which usuallytakes place with ordinary nuts, through such' alternate applying andreleasing the pressure in any vibrating action, is entirely prevented.`

In place oi arranging the splitI and recessed nuts, as i shown at fig.3, their position may be reversed, as shown y at F igure 7, the splitnut d, being screwed on tirst,so as to ytake a bearing against theobject G, to be secured, andthe recessed nut d bring screwed an over d;or, in place of Athe nut dl, a recessed washeud, may be employed, asshown in section and plau'at Figures 8 and 9; or, again, a conicalrecess may befforxned in the object C, to he` secured, as at Figure 10,in to which recess the split nut is screwed. i

It will be evident that this 'improved construction of nuts toscrew-bolts may be applied with great advantage in all cases .whererails, pluminer-blocksof crank-shafts, the ends of wheel-axles, &c., `Iprefer to employ for the purposes of my invention screw-bolts, withreduced Shanks, as previously invented by me, -aud as shown in tig. 3,whereby the breaking of the. .bolt 'at the last/thread', through unduestrains; as occurs in ordinary. screwbolts, is prevented, any elongationof the boltj being made to take place in the reduced shank.

I `am aware that wedges have been insertedptoward each other, end toend, but not meeting, from oppo;` .site sides of the chair, and betweeninclined faces on the inside of the ange of the chair, 4andthe web ofthe rail. But the lapping'wedges described require less, breadth ofehaiuand may readily be applied to the chairs in ordinary use, theiuclinedices not being l necessary in the tiange of the chair.

I am. also awareyof the use, in connectiorgwth a recessed nut, of aconical washer, split through iapart Vof its length, at several places',but 1 claim, as arrimprovemnt thereon, the washer described, splitat onepoint, from end ,to end, since, by' this construction, I

vsecure a more perfect'and more powerful spring-action` in' thewasher,-and on this .feature it .depends chiey for its utility.

Having thus describedthe nature ot' myinvention,

and in what manner the same vis to beperformed What I claim, and desireto be secured to me by' Letters Patent, is-

the bolts are subject to a jarring or vibrating action, such as forfish-plates, for 1 1. The' lapping or folding wedges C C', arrangedother recessed, substantially as and for the purposes between the chairand web of the mil, held in place described. by fillets c, or theirequivalent, and tightened by bolt In testimony whereof, I have signed myname to and nut,the bolt passing throughs. recess, c', iu the thisspecification, in the presence ot' two subscribing inner inclined facesof the wedges, substantiaily as witnesses, this 5th day of June, 1869.

set forth. i f Witnesses: W. PALLISER.

2. The combnationof nut and washer, one, at least, CHAs. D. ABEL, l

of which'is conical, and split, from end to end, and the WM. SHIPWRIGHT.

